If you only read one paragraph of this guide, read this one. The UAE has, by a wide margin, the deepest and best-regulated investment platform market anywhere in the Gulf. Whatever your situation, whether you want the lowest-cost global brokerage (Interactive Brokers), a fully managed portfolio with local DFSA oversight (Sarwa or StashAway), Sharia-compliant investing (Wahed Invest or Baraka), or regulated crypto exposure (Binance or Crypto.com under VARA), there is a properly licensed option available to you as a UAE resident. Below is our shortlist of the strongest platforms for UAE residents, followed by guidance on how to choose between them, how UAE investment regulation works, and how to actually open an account.
Anyone living in the UAE for more than a few years will have noticed how quickly the investing landscape here has matured. A decade ago, the realistic options for an expat with savings in an Emirates NBD or HSBC current account were limited to expensive bank-sold investment plans, often with five-year lock-ins and steep exit penalties, or doing nothing at all. Today, UAE residents can open a DFSA-regulated brokerage account from their phone in under fifteen minutes, with no minimum deposit in many cases. The challenge has shifted from 'can I invest here?' to 'which of the now dozens of regulated options actually suits me?'
Figure 1: Of the 27 platforms covered in our master comparison guide, 24 are available to UAE residents - more than any other GCC country. Source: ExpatWealthPlus analysis, June 2026.
Our picks: the best platforms for UAE residents
All 24 UAE-available platforms from our master comparison are worth knowing about, but the eleven below are the ones we point UAE-based readers to most often, covering self-directed investing, managed portfolios, Sharia-compliant options and regulated crypto. Each links through to our full platform review.
| Platform | Regulator | Min. deposit | Core fees | Best for | Rating |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Interactive Brokers |
SEC/FCA (international) | $0 | From $0.005/share; $0 on IBKR Lite US stocks | Lowest-cost self-directed investing | ★★★★★★★★★★ |
 Saxo Bank |
DFSA (DIFC) | $2,000 | From ~$1-3/trade | Premium all-in-one platform | ★★★★★★★★★★ |
 XTB |
CySEC (international) | $0 | $0 commission on stocks/ETFs (within limits) | Zero-commission stock investing | ★★★★★★★★★★ |
 eToro |
DFSA (DIFC) | $50 | $0 commission on real stocks | Beginners and copy trading | ★★★★★★★★★★ |
 StashAway |
DFSA (DIFC) | $0 | 0.2-0.8% per year | Hands-off automated investing | ★★★★★★★★★★ |
 Sarwa |
DFSA (DIFC) | $500 (managed) / $0 (Trade) | 0.5% per year (managed) | First robo-advisor + self-directed path | ★★★★★★★★★★ |
 Wahed Invest |
DFSA (DIFC) | $100 | ~0.49-0.99% per year | Fully Sharia-compliant managed portfolios | ★★★★★★★★★★ |
 Baraka |
DFSA (DIFC) | $0 | $0 commission on US stocks | Self-directed investing with halal screening | ★★★★★★★★★★ |
 Pepperstone |
DFSA (DIFC) | $0 | Tight spreads; commission on Razor accounts | Experienced forex traders | ★★★★★★★★★★ |
 Binance |
VARA (Dubai) | No minimum | From ~0.1% per trade | Widest range of cryptocurrencies | ★★★★★★★★★★ |
 National Bonds |
Central Bank of the UAE | AED 100 (~$27) | No direct fees; profit-share returns | Sharia-compliant capital-protected savings | ★★★★★★★★★★ |
Interactive Brokers (IBKR)
Regulation: SEC (US) / FCA (UK) Active in: All GCC countries, including the UAE Rating: ★★★★★★★★★★ (5/5)
At a glance
| What works well | Where it falls short |
|---|---|
| ✓ Lowest realistic long-term cost of any broker on this page (currency conversion from ~0.002%) | ✗ Not DFSA/FSRA/SCA regulated, no DIFC investor protection fund coverage |
| ✓ Direct access to 150+ markets from a single USD account | ✗ Trader Workstation has a steep learning curve for first-time investors |
| ✓ $0 commission on US stocks/ETFs (Lite); no minimum deposit, no inactivity fee |
For UAE residents who want the lowest possible cost for global, self-directed investing, Interactive Brokers is the clear starting point. It gives Dubai and Abu Dhabi-based investors direct access to more than 150 markets worldwide, including US, European and Asian stocks and ETFs, bonds, options and futures, all from a single account funded in USD.
Because IBKR is regulated by the SEC and FCA rather than the DFSA, your account isn't covered by the DIFC's investor protection framework. In practice, this matters less than it sounds: client assets are held in segregated custody accounts regardless of the regulator, and IBKR's scale and balance sheet are considerably larger than most DFSA-licensed alternatives. For a UAE-based investor converting AED savings into a long-term USD-denominated portfolio, IBKR's near-interbank currency conversion rates alone can save hundreds of dollars a year compared with routing the same money through a UAE bank.
Interactive Brokers suits UAE residents who:
Are investing $500 or more per month and want the lowest long-term costs
Are comfortable with a denser, professional-grade platform interface
Want to consolidate global stock, ETF and bond holdings in one account
Read our full review | Open an account
Saxo Bank
Regulation: DFSA (DIFC) Active in: UAE (DFSA-regulated entity) Rating: ★★★★★★★★★★ (4/5)
At a glance
| What works well | Where it falls short |
|---|---|
| ✓ Most comprehensive DFSA-regulated platform: 70,000+ instruments across stocks, bonds, ETFs, FX | ✗ $2,000 minimum deposit, not built for first-time small investors |
| ✓ DIFC court system and UAE Investor Protection Fund coverage for eligible claims | ✗ Entry-tier ('Classic') commissions and FX spreads are uncompetitive vs IBKR/XTB |
| ✓ Strong in-house research (Saxo Strats) for understanding market moves |
Saxo Bank's DIFC-licensed entity is the most comprehensive DFSA-regulated platform available to UAE residents, covering more than 70,000 instruments across stocks, ETFs, bonds, options, futures, forex and CFDs. For Dubai-based investors who specifically want their brokerage relationship to sit within DFSA's regulatory perimeter and the DIFC court system, Saxo is the strongest option in this guide.
The $2,000 minimum deposit and tiered pricing structure mean Saxo works best for UAE residents who already have a meaningful sum to invest and are consolidating from elsewhere, rather than someone making their very first investment from a standing start.
Saxo Bank suits UAE residents who:
Have $2,000 or more to deposit and want one platform for everything
Specifically want DFSA regulation and DIFC investor protection
Trade across multiple asset classes, not just stocks and ETFs
Read our full review | Open an account
XTB
Regulation: CySEC (international entity) Active in: All GCC countries, including the UAE Rating: ★★★★★★★★★★ (4/5)
At a glance
| What works well | Where it falls short |
|---|---|
| ✓ Genuinely $0 commission on real stocks/ETFs up to EUR 100,000/month turnover | ✗ CySEC (Cyprus) oversight, not a DFSA/FSRA/SCA-issued licence |
| ✓ No minimum deposit; clean, mobile-first interface across 3,000+ instruments | ✗ CFD products sit alongside real-stock investing in the same app, easy to blur |
| ✓ Reputable EU (CySEC) regulation with its own investor compensation scheme |
XTB has become one of the most-downloaded investing apps among UAE residents thanks to genuinely zero-commission trading on real stocks and ETFs (up to a generous monthly turnover threshold), no minimum deposit, and a clean, beginner-friendly interface covering more than 3,000 instruments.
XTB's UAE clients are onboarded under its CySEC (Cyprus) licence rather than a DFSA or SCA one, which is a common and legal arrangement for international brokers serving the region. For a UAE-based investor whose priority is starting to invest today with zero deposit and zero stock-trading commission, XTB removes every barrier to entry.
XTB suits UAE residents who:
Want to start investing today with no minimum deposit
Are comfortable with EU-based (CySEC) regulatory protection
Want occasional access to CFDs alongside real stock investing
Read our full review | Open an account
eToro
Regulation: DFSA (DIFC) Active in: UAE (DFSA-regulated entity) Rating: ★★★★★★★★★★ (4/5)
At a glance
| What works well | Where it falls short |
|---|---|
| ✓ $0 commission on real stocks/ETFs via 'Invest' mode, with genuine share ownership | ✗ Flat ~$5 withdrawal fee plus currency conversion if account currency isn't USD |
| ✓ DFSA regulation and UAE Investor Protection Fund coverage for UAE residents | ✗ Spreads apply on commodities, indices, crypto and any leveraged CFD positions |
| ✓ CopyTrader makes it easy to learn by observing experienced investors |
eToro's UAE entity is DFSA-regulated, making it one of the few beginner-focused platforms that combines an easy, visual interface with DIFC investor protection. Its standout feature, copy trading, lets new investors automatically mirror the portfolios of more experienced investors on the platform, a genuinely useful way to learn while invested.
Real stock purchases on eToro carry no commission; it's eToro's CFD products (used for crypto, commodities and some copy-trading positions) that carry spreads. For a UAE-based beginner buying and holding real shares and ETFs, eToro's costs are negligible and the DFSA regulation gives genuine local recourse if something goes wrong.
eToro suits UAE residents who:
Are new to investing and want a guided, visual app
Specifically want DFSA regulation and DIFC investor protection
Are interested in copy trading as a way to learn
Read our full review | Open an account
StashAway
Regulation: DFSA (DIFC) Active in: UAE Rating: ★★★★★★★★★★ (4/5)
At a glance
| What works well | Where it falls short |
|---|---|
| ✓ No minimum deposit; recurring monthly investing from as little as $50 | ✗ No dedicated Sharia-compliant portfolio option |
| ✓ Dynamic ERAA allocation adjusts to macro conditions within your risk band | ✗ Saudi Arabia availability announced but not yet fully confirmed live |
| ✓ DFSA-regulated UAE entity with UAE Investor Protection Fund access |
StashAway is currently UAE-only, and is one of the most established DFSA-regulated robo-advisors in Dubai. It builds a diversified ETF portfolio based on your risk tolerance and its own macro-driven asset allocation model, then rebalances it automatically, with no minimum deposit and recurring monthly investing built in from as little as $50.
For UAE residents who want to invest consistently every month without making their own ETF selection or rebalancing decisions, StashAway removes the decision-making that causes many people to never start. It does not currently offer a Sharia-compliant portfolio option.
StashAway suits UAE residents who:
Want to invest monthly without picking individual ETFs themselves
Want DFSA-regulated automation with no minimum deposit
Don't require a Sharia-compliant portfolio option
Read our full review | Open an account
Sarwa
Regulation: DFSA (DIFC) Active in: UAE Rating: ★★★★★★★★★★ (4/5)
At a glance
| What works well | Where it falls short |
|---|---|
| ✓ Single flat 0.5% annual fee regardless of portfolio size, easy to evaluate | ✗ UAE-only, no Saudi Arabia or wider GCC entity at the time of writing |
| ✓ Sarwa Trade companion account offers $0-commission self-directed US stock trading | ✗ No dedicated Sharia-compliant managed portfolio; $500 minimum for managed account |
| ✓ DFSA-regulated, globally diversified low-cost ETF portfolios |
Sarwa was the first robo-advisor launched in the UAE and remains one of the simplest: a flat 0.5% annual fee, a $500 minimum, and a globally diversified ETF portfolio built and rebalanced for you, all under DFSA regulation.
What makes Sarwa particularly useful for UAE residents is Sarwa Trade, a companion zero-commission self-directed US stock account within the same app. That gives a natural progression: start with a managed Sarwa portfolio, then move part of your investing to self-directed Sarwa Trade as your confidence grows, all without leaving a single DFSA-regulated platform.
Sarwa suits UAE residents who:
Want the simplest possible managed-portfolio fee structure
Are starting with $500 or more
Want a single app covering both managed and self-directed investing
Read our full review | Open an account
Wahed Invest
Regulation: DFSA (DIFC) Active in: UAE, Saudi Arabia Rating: ★★★★★★★★★★ (4/5)
At a glance
| What works well | Where it falls short |
|---|---|
| ✓ Fully Sharia-compliant portfolios with independent Shariah Supervisory Board oversight | ✗ Fees (~0.49-0.99%/year) sit at the higher end versus flat-fee competitors |
| ✓ Available in both UAE (DFSA) and Saudi Arabia (CMA-licensed entity) | ✗ Lower balances and certain portfolio types fall toward the higher end of that fee range |
| ✓ Low entry point (~$100 minimum) with risk-questionnaire-based portfolio selection |
Wahed Invest's DFSA-regulated UAE entity gives Dubai-based investors access to the world's largest Sharia-compliant digital investment platform. Every portfolio is screened and supervised by an independent Shariah board, with no interest-bearing bonds and no exposure to excluded sectors such as alcohol, gambling or conventional finance.
Portfolios are built from Sharia-compliant ETFs, sukuk and gold, with a risk level chosen via a short questionnaire. For UAE residents who have held off investing because they couldn't find a halal option they trusted, Wahed removes that barrier directly, with a $100 minimum to get started.
Wahed Invest suits UAE residents who:
Require Sharia compliance, not just as a preference but as a requirement
Want a fully managed portfolio with an independent Shariah board
Want to start with a relatively low minimum deposit ($100)
Read our full review | Open an account
Baraka
Regulation: DFSA (DIFC) Active in: UAE, Saudi Arabia Rating: ★★★★★★★★★★ (4/5)
At a glance
| What works well | Where it falls short |
|---|---|
| ✓ AI-powered halal stock screener built directly into the app, unique in this guide | ✗ No managed-portfolio option, diversification and rebalancing are entirely on you |
| ✓ $0 commission on US-listed stocks/ETFs, no minimum deposit | ✗ Not a substitute for a robo-advisor if you want hands-off investing |
| ✓ DFSA-regulated (UAE) with a separate CMA-licensed entity for Saudi Arabia |
Baraka's DFSA-regulated UAE entity has made it one of the most-used self-directed platforms among younger investors in Dubai and Abu Dhabi, offering commission-free US stock and ETF trading with no minimum deposit.
Its standout feature for UAE residents is an AI-powered halal stock screener built directly into the app, letting you filter the available stock universe down to companies that pass Sharia screening criteria, then trade them yourself. That combination of self-directed control with built-in halal filtering is currently unique to Baraka in the UAE market.
Baraka suits UAE residents who:
Want self-directed control but with halal screening built in
Are a younger or first-time investor wanting a modern, mobile-first app
Trade mainly US stocks and ETFs
Read our full review | Open an account
Pepperstone
Regulation: DFSA (DIFC) Active in: UAE (rest of GCC via international entities) Rating: ★★★★★★★★★★ (3/5)
At a glance
| What works well | Where it falls short |
|---|---|
| ✓ DFSA-regulated, no minimum deposit, very tight spreads | ✗ Leverage up to 1:500, significant risk for inexperienced traders |
| ✓ Razor account offers near-interbank spreads for a small commission | ✗ Razor account's commission-for-spread tradeoff mainly benefits high-frequency traders |
| ✓ TradingView and MetaTrader 4/5 integration for active traders |
Pepperstone's DFSA-regulated UAE entity is included here not as a core investing platform but because it's one of the most recognised names UAE residents will encounter if they explore forex or CFD trading. It offers very tight spreads, no minimum deposit, and supports MetaTrader 4/5 and TradingView.
It's worth being clear-eyed about what this is: a trading platform for forex, indices, commodities and crypto CFDs, with leverage up to 1:500 for eligible accounts, not a substitute for a long-term stock or ETF investing account. UAE residents focused on long-term wealth building should treat this as a separate, higher-risk category from the self-directed and robo-advisor platforms above.
Pepperstone suits UAE residents who:
Are experienced traders specifically interested in forex/CFD trading
Want DFSA regulation with no minimum deposit barrier
Already have a separate platform for long-term investing
Read our full review | Open an account
Binance
Regulation: VARA (Dubai) Active in: UAE Rating: ★★★★★★★★★★ (4/5)
At a glance
| What works well | Where it falls short |
|---|---|
| ✓ VARA broker-dealer authorisation via Binance FZE plus an ADGM entity for institutional clients | ✗ Easy to wander from spot purchases into higher-risk leveraged products |
| ✓ Largest range of supported tokens and deepest liquidity of the four | ✗ Must use the licensed UAE entity, not an offshore/global account, for local protections |
| ✓ No minimum deposit; fees from ~0.1% with fee-token discounts |
Binance FZE holds VARA broker-dealer authorisation in Dubai, alongside an ADGM-licensed entity (Binance Nest) for institutional clients, making it one of the most comprehensively licensed major crypto exchanges operating in the UAE. It remains the largest exchange globally by trading volume and number of supported assets.
For UAE residents who want crypto exposure as a small part of a diversified portfolio, using the VARA-licensed entity rather than an offshore, unregulated app is the difference between regulated custody and no local recourse at all if something goes wrong.
Binance suits UAE residents who:
Want the broadest selection of cryptocurrencies on a UAE-licensed exchange
Are comfortable with crypto as a small part of a wider portfolio
Value VARA oversight over an offshore-only platform
Read our full review | Open an account
National Bonds
Regulation: Central Bank of the UAE Active in: UAE Rating: ★★★★★★★★★★ (3.5/5)
At a glance
| What works well | Where it falls short |
|---|---|
| ✓ UAE government-backed, Central Bank-regulated, with capital protection | ✗ Returns are not fixed or guaranteed, and can lag conventional deposit rates |
| ✓ Low entry point (around AED 100/month) for a recurring halal savings habit | ✗ Not a growth product, unsuitable for long-term wealth building on its own |
| ✓ Profit distributions historically broadly competitive with bank fixed deposits |
National Bonds is a UAE-government-backed, Sharia-compliant savings scheme regulated by the Central Bank of the UAE. It functions as a halal alternative to a fixed deposit: capital is protected, and returns are distributed as profit shares generated from Sharia-compliant investments, with a low entry point of AED 100 (around $27) for regular savings plans.
It isn't a substitute for the equity-focused platforms above; returns are modest and closer to a savings account than a growth investment. But for the portion of a UAE resident's emergency fund or short-term savings goal that needs to be halal and capital-protected, it fills a gap none of the brokerage platforms address.
National Bonds suits UAE residents who:
Want a halal alternative to a bank fixed deposit for short-term savings
Prioritise capital protection over growth for part of their savings
Are building an emergency fund alongside a separate investment portfolio
Read our full review | Open an account
How to choose, by goal
I want the lowest-cost way to invest long term: Interactive Brokers. Its currency conversion rates and per-share commissions are difficult for any DFSA-regulated alternative to match, and it's open to UAE residents with no minimum deposit.
I want someone else to manage my portfolio: Sarwa or StashAway, both DFSA-regulated robo-advisors that build and rebalance a diversified ETF portfolio for you. Sarwa has the lower minimum-fee combination; StashAway has no minimum deposit at all.
My investments need to be Sharia-compliant: Wahed Invest for a fully managed, Shariah-board-supervised portfolio, or Baraka if you want self-directed control with built-in halal screening.
I want regulated crypto exposure: Binance, via its VARA-licensed Dubai entity, or Crypto.com, which holds a full VARA Broker-Dealer licence (see our master comparison guide for the full crypto section).
I'm completely new to investing: eToro, for its DFSA regulation, simple interface and copy-trading feature, or XTB if zero-commission stock trading with no minimum deposit matters most to you.
Understanding UAE investment regulation: DFSA, FSRA, SCA and VARA
The UAE doesn't have a single financial regulator the way many countries do. Instead, responsibility is split between the country's two financial free zones and the mainland regulator, plus a dedicated authority for virtual assets. Knowing which one covers a platform you're considering tells you exactly what protection you have, and where to go if something goes wrong.
DFSA (Dubai Financial Services Authority): the regulator for the Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC), an independent financial free zone with its own courts and legal system based on English common law. Platforms licensed here, including Saxo Bank, Swissquote, eToro, StashAway, Sarwa, Wahed Invest, Baraka, AvaTrade, Pepperstone and Plus500's UAE entity, fall under DFSA conduct rules, and eligible retail clients are covered by the DIFC's investor protection framework.
FSRA (Financial Services Regulatory Authority): the equivalent regulator for Abu Dhabi Global Market (ADGM), the financial free zone on Al Maryah Island. ADGM is used more by institutional and wholesale platforms (for example, Binance's institutional entity, Binance Nest, is ADGM-licensed) than by the retail-facing apps most individual investors use day to day.
SCA (Securities and Commodities Authority): the federal regulator covering the UAE mainland, outside the DIFC and ADGM free zones. A smaller number of platforms, including Capital.com's UAE entity, ADSS and Bybit's mainland licence, hold SCA authorisation. For most retail investors the practical difference between a DFSA-regulated and an SCA-regulated platform is small, both are UAE regulators with real enforcement power, but it's worth knowing which one applies if you ever need to raise a complaint.
VARA (Virtual Assets Regulatory Authority): Dubai's dedicated crypto regulator, established in 2022 specifically to license and supervise virtual-asset service providers. If you hold any cryptocurrency as a UAE resident, using a VARA-licensed exchange such as Binance or Crypto.com, rather than an offshore app with no UAE presence, is the single most important step you can take for regulatory protection.
One important point that applies across all four regulators: the UAE does not levy personal income tax or capital gains tax. Whatever you earn through any of the platforms in this guide is not taxed locally. Your home-country tax position is a separate matter, and depends on your nationality and tax residency status, which we cover in our nationality-specific tax guides.
How to open an investment account as a UAE resident
Account opening for almost every platform in this guide is fully digital and follows broadly the same pattern. Having the following ready before you start will get you through onboarding in one sitting for most platforms:
A valid Emirates ID (front and back) - this is the primary identity document almost every platform asks for
A copy of your UAE residence visa page from your passport
Proof of UAE address: a recent utility (DEWA/SEWA/EWA) bill, an Ejari or tenancy contract, or a bank statement showing your address
Details of a UAE bank account in your name, for funding and withdrawals (most platforms also accept international wire transfers)
Your tax residency information, including any foreign tax identification numbers (for example a US Social Security Number if you are a US citizen, due to FATCA reporting requirements that apply regardless of where you live)
Most DFSA-regulated apps (eToro, StashAway, Sarwa, Wahed Invest, Baraka) complete identity verification via a selfie-and-document upload process and approve accounts within one to two business days. Bank-linked or higher-minimum platforms such as Saxo Bank can take a little longer, sometimes up to a week, as they carry out more detailed source-of-funds checks consistent with their client profile.
Funding your account and managing currency conversion
Almost every platform in this guide quotes prices and holds your portfolio in US dollars, while your salary and savings are most likely in UAE dirhams (AED). Because the AED has been pegged to the US dollar at 3.6725 since 1997, this exchange rate itself carries essentially no risk, but the conversion fee your bank or platform charges to move between AED and USD can vary enormously.
A standard UAE bank transfer that converts AED to USD as part of an international wire often carries a spread of 1-2% above the interbank rate, plus a flat transfer fee. Interactive Brokers, by contrast, converts currency at close to the interbank rate (around 0.002-0.005%) once funds arrive in your account. For larger or regular transfers, many UAE-based investors first convert AED to USD using a low-cost transfer service such as Wise, then send the USD on to their brokerage, which can meaningfully reduce the cumulative cost of investing month after month.
Frequently asked questions: investing as a UAE resident
Most of the DFSA-regulated platforms in this guide (eToro, Saxo, StashAway, Sarwa, Wahed Invest, Baraka) require UAE residency, evidenced by an Emirates ID and residence visa, to open a retail account. International platforms such as Interactive Brokers and XTB can be opened by non-residents in many cases, but UAE residency typically simplifies verification and may unlock additional account features.
DFSA-regulated firms operating in the DIFC are subject to client money protection rules that require client assets to be held separately from the firm's own assets. This significantly reduces (though does not eliminate) the risk of losing your investments if the platform itself becomes insolvent. Always check the specific client money arrangements disclosed by each platform.
Yes, and many UAE residents do exactly this: a DFSA-regulated robo-advisor or self-directed app such as Sarwa or Baraka for halal or beginner-friendly investing, alongside Interactive Brokers for lower-cost access to a wider range of global markets. There's no restriction on holding multiple brokerage accounts as a UAE resident.
Most DFSA-regulated apps (eToro, StashAway, Sarwa, Wahed Invest, Baraka) approve accounts within one to two business days of submitting your Emirates ID, visa page and proof of address. Interactive Brokers and XTB are often faster, sometimes same-day, while Saxo Bank's more detailed onboarding can take up to a week.
Interactive Brokers and XTB are globally portable in most cases. DFSA-regulated platforms (Sarwa, StashAway, Wahed Invest, Baraka, eToro's UAE entity) may require you to transfer your account to a different regulatory entity depending on your new country of residence, so check portability with your platform before relocating.
A UAE bank account makes funding simpler and often faster, but most platforms also accept international wire transfers in USD or other major currencies. If converting AED to USD yourself, comparing your bank's rate against a transfer service such as Wise before sending larger amounts can meaningfully reduce costs.